Pricing the negative externalities of freight transportation: A literature review
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چکیده
Pricing schemes have been proposed to address the negative externalities of freight transportation. Literature related to the following pricing strategies are reviewed: pricing programs aimed at changing shipper’s mode choice, and schemes aimed at shifting freight deliveries to off-peak hours. Evidence from empirical and theoretical studies suggests that pricing strategies may have limited effect on freight agents’ behavior unless they are accompanied by complementary policies, or the charges are relatively high. The idea of marketable permits systems in the context of freight transportation is discussed.
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